Photodynamic Therapy for Skin Cancer: What You Need to Know

Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers in the United States, with millions of new cases diagnosed each year. Thankfully, there are a variety of innovative treatments available, offering patients a chance at complete recovery. One such treatment is Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), a minimally invasive approach gaining popularity for its effectiveness and positive patient outcomes. Let's continue reading to understand PDT and its role in treating skin cancer.

Understanding Photodynamic Therapy

PDT is a two-part treatment that utilizes light-sensitive drugs (photosensitizers) and a specific wavelength of light to target and destroy cancerous cells. The photosensitizer is applied topically to the affected area or taken orally, depending on the type of cancer. Once absorbed by the cells, the photosensitizer becomes activated when exposed to a particular light source, typically a laser. This activation triggers a chemical reaction that directly damages the targeted cancer cells while minimizing harm to surrounding healthy tissue.

The concept of PDT has been around for decades, with its roots tracing back to early light-based therapies used in the 1900s. Over time, advancements in photosensitizer development and light source technology have refined PDT into a safe and effective treatment option for various skin conditions, including skin cancer.

Who Can Benefit from Photodynamic Therapy?

PDT is a versatile treatment suitable for a range of patients with specific skin cancer diagnoses. Here are some common scenarios where PDT might be recommended:

• Actinic keratosis: These are pre-cancerous lesions caused by sun damage. PDT can effectively remove these lesions, preventing them from progressing into skin cancer.
• Basal cell carcinoma: This is the most common type of skin cancer, often appearing as pearly or waxy bumps. PDT offers a nonsurgical option for treating superficial basal cell carcinomas.
• Squamous cell carcinoma: This type of skin cancer grows more aggressively than basal cell carcinoma and can take on various appearances. PDT can be a suitable treatment for early-stage squamous cell carcinoma.

PDT, Along with Sun Protection Factor (SPF)

While undergoing PDT, it's crucial to remember the importance of sun protection. Consistent use of broad-spectrum SPF 30 or higher sunscreen is vital not only to prevent future skin cancers but also to minimize post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), a potential side effect of PDT that can cause temporary darkening of the treated area.

Benefits of Photodynamic Therapy

There are several advantages associated with PDT, making it a preferred treatment choice for many patients. Some of them are as follows:

• High success rates: Studies have shown high success rates for PDT in treating actinic keratosis and basal cell carcinoma.
• Less invasive compared to surgery and radiation: Unlike surgery or radiation, PDT is a minimally invasive procedure with minimal scarring and faster recovery times.
• Improved cosmetic outcomes: PDT offers a significant advantage in terms of reduced scarring, leading to better cosmetic results, especially for treatment on the face or other visible areas.

Risks and Side Effects of PDT

While generally well-tolerated, PDT can cause some temporary side effects. They are as follows:

• Skin redness, swelling, and discomfort.
• Infection, blistering, or changes in skin pigmentation.
• Discoloration of the treated area.
• Itching, stinging, or burning.

These side effects typically resolve on their own within a few days or weeks.

Aftercare Tips for Optimal Recovery and Results

Following your PDT treatment, here are some essential aftercare tips to ensure optimal healing and results:

• Minimize sun exposure: Avoid direct sunlight for at least 48 hours after treatment, and consistently use broad-spectrum SPF 30 or higher sunscreen thereafter.
• Keep the treated area clean and dry: Follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding wound care and cleaning the treated area.
• Apply cold compresses: Cold compresses can help reduce swelling and discomfort.
• Avoid picking or scratching the treated area: This can increase the risk of infection.
• Attend follow-up appointments: Regularly scheduled follow-up appointments with your dermatologist are crucial to monitor healing and ensure successful treatment.

Take Control of Your Skin Health with Illinois Dermatology Institute

At Illinois Dermatology Institute, our board-certified dermatologists can assess your individual needs and determine if PDT is the right treatment option for you. Contact us today if you have concerns about skin cancer or are interested in learning more about PDT. Schedule a consultation online to take control of your skin health!